Prevalencia de síntomas osteomusculares en miembros superiores en trabajadores de un call center de Bogotá – Colombia durante el año 2015

Introducción: Los trastornos del aparato locomotor son una de las principales causas del ausentismo laboral y generan un gasto considerable para el sistema de gestión pública. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de síntomas osteomusculares en miembros superiores y su relación con los factores ocupacionales en trabajadores de un Call Center de Bogotá – Colombia durante el año 2015. Metodología: Estudio de corte transversal donde se evaluó la prevalencia de los síntomas osteomusculares de miembros superiores, se utilizó como instrumento el ERGOPAR validado en España . Resultados: El grupo de estudio lo conformaron 223 trabajadores de un Call Center donde el género femenino fue el más frecuente (66,8%), el grupo etario predominante fue entre 21 y 25 años (30,5%). La prevalencia de los síntomas osteomusculares por molestia estimada, fue mayor en cuello/hombro (57%), seguido del síntoma en manos/muñecas (40,8%) y por ultimo codos (17%); contrario a la prevalencia de síntomas osteomusculares manifestados por dolor ya que fue mayor en manos/muñecas (35%), seguido de cuello/hombros (28,3%) y por último codo (6,7%), esta prevalencia fue mayor en trabajadores de género femenino que en los de género masculino. Respecto a las variables relacionadas con el género, se encontró que la prevalencia por presencia de dolor en cuello/hombro fue mayor en trabajadores de género femenino (p=0,005) de la misma manera que la prevalencia por presencia de dolor en manos/muñecas (p<0,001). Conclusiones: Los síntomas osteomusculares más prevalentes en los trabajadores del Call Center fueron en cuello/hombro y manos/muñeca con mayor frecuencia en los trabajadores del género femenino. Con el fin de eliminar o disminuir la aparición temprana de estos síntomas, se recomienda la implementación de medidas de prevención dirigidas no solo al trabajador sino a todos los factores que hagan parte del desarrollo de su tarea.

Musculoskeletal disorders in upper limbs in dental students: exposure level to risk factors

Aim: This study assessed the risk factors of undergraduate students to develop musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) in the upper limbs, regarding gender, type of dental clinical procedure, mouth region treated, and the four-handed dentistry practice. Methods: Dental students enrolled in the 8th semester in the Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP, Brazil, were photographed while practicing 283 dental procedures. The Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) method was used to evaluate the working postures of each student. The photographs were evaluated and a final risk score was attributed to each analyzed procedure. The prevalence of risk factors of developing MSD was estimated by point and by 95% confidence interval. The association between the risk factor of developing disorders and variables of interest were assessed by the chi-square test with a significance level of 5%. Results: The risk factors of developing MSD were high, regarding most dental procedures performed by the undergraduate students (score 5: 7.07%, CI95%: 4.08- 10.06%; score 6: 62.54%, CI95%: 56.90-68.18%). There was no significant association between the RULA final score and gender (p=0.559), and type of dental procedure (p=0.205), and mouth regions by arch (p=0.110) or hemi-arch (p=0.560), and the use of four-handed dentistry (p=0.366). Conclusions: It can be concluded that gender, type of dental clinical procedure, mouth region treated, and practice of four-handed dentistry did not influence the risk of developing MSD in the upper limbs among the dental students evaluated; however, they are at a high risk of developing such disorders.

Risk of musculoskeletal disorders in upper limbs in dental students: concordance of different methods for estimation of body angle

The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the agreement among different methods used to estimate angular deviation of the body to determine the risk for development of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders in dentistry undergraduates. Materials and Methods: Students (n = 79) enrolled in the final year undergraduate course of the Araraquara School of Dentistry-Sγo Paulo State University-UNESP were evaluated. Photographs were taken of students performing clinical procedures. The work postures adopted by each student were evaluated by means of rapid upper limb assessment (RULA). The basis used to obtain the individual's final risk score is the measurement of the angular deviations in the neutral positions of the regions evaluated. Two methods were used to estimate the angular deviation of the body: Visual exam and Image Tool software. A RULA final risk score was attributed to each procedure the student performed (n = 333). Study of the agreement between the methods about risk of musculoskeletal disorders was conducted by means of Kappa (κ) statistics. The level of significance adopted was 5%. Results: Fair agreement (κ = 0.32) between the evaluated methods was verified. Conclusion: The risk for development of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders by dentistry undergraduates evaluated by using RULA was not in agreement with the results obtained by use of visual exam and Image Tool.

Risk muskuloskeletal disorders in upper limbs in dental students: concordance of different methods for estimation of body angle

The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the agreement among different methods used to estimate angular deviation of the body to determine the risk for development of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders in dentistry undergraduates. Materials and Methods: Students (n = 79) enrolled in the final year undergraduate course of the Araraquara School of Dentistry-Sγo Paulo State University-UNESP were evaluated. Photographs were taken of students performing clinical procedures. The work postures adopted by each student were evaluated by means of rapid upper limb assessment (RULA). The basis used to obtain the individual's final risk score is the measurement of the angular deviations in the neutral positions of the regions evaluated. Two methods were used to estimate the angular deviation of the body: Visual exam and Image Tool software. A RULA final risk score was attributed to each procedure the student performed (n = 333). Study of the agreement between the methods about risk of musculoskeletal disorders was conducted by means of Kappa (κ) statistics. The level of significance adopted was 5%. Results: Fair agreement (κ = 0.32) between the evaluated methods was verified. Conclusion: The risk for development of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders by dentistry undergraduates evaluated by using RULA was not in agreement with the results obtained by use of visual exam and Image Tool.

Muskuloskeletal disorders in upper limbs in dental students: exposure level to risk factors

Aim: This study assessed the risk factors of undergraduate students to develop musculoskeletaldisorders (MSD) in the upper limbs, regarding gender, type of dental clinical procedure, mouthregion treated, and the four-handed dentistry practice. Methods: Dental students enrolled in the8th semester in the Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP, Brazil, were photographed whilepracticing 283 dental procedures. The Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) method was usedto evaluate the working postures of each student. The photographs were evaluated and a finalrisk score was attributed to each analyzed procedure. The prevalence of risk factors of developingMSD was estimated by point and by 95% confidence interval. The association between the riskfactor of developing disorders and variables of interest were assessed by the chi-square test witha significance level of 5%. Results: The risk factors of developing MSD were high, regardingmost dental procedures performed by the undergraduate students (score 5: 7.07%, CI95%: 4.08-10.06%; score 6: 62.54%, CI95%: 56.90-68.18%). There was no significant association betweenthe RULA final score and gender (p=0.559), and type of dental procedure (p=0.205), and mouthregions by arch (p=0.110) or hemi-arch (p=0.560), and the use of four-handed dentistry (p=0.366).Conclusions: It can be concluded that gender, type of dental clinical procedure, mouth regiontreated, and practice of four-handed dentistry did not influence the risk of developing MSD in theupper limbs among the dental students evaluated; however, they are at a high risk of developingsuch disorders.(AU).

Sensibilidad del cuestionario anamnésico de síntomas de miembro superior y columna desarrollado por la unidad de investigación de ergonómica de postura y movimiento (EPM) desde la perspectiva de la fisioterapia en Colombia

El propósito de este estudio es evaluar la sensibilidad, especificidad y valores predictivos del Cuestionario Anamnésico de Síntomas de Miembro Superior y Columna (CASMSC) desarrollado por la Unidad de Investigación de Ergonomía de Postura y Movimiento (EPM). Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de tipo correlacional, mediante el análisis de datos secundarios de una base de datos con registros de trabajadores de la industria de alimentos (n=401) en el año 2013, a quienes se les había aplicado el CASMSC, así como una evaluación clínica fisioterapéutica enfocada en los mismos segmentos corporales; esta última utilizada como prueba de oro. Para analizar si existían diferencias estadísticas por edad, antigüedad y género se aplicó el análisis de varianza de una vía. La sensibilidad, especificidad y valores predictivos del CASMSC se informan con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza (95%). La prevalencia de umbral positivo para sospecha de Desorden Músculo Esquelético (DME) tanto de miembro superior como de columna se encontró muy por encima de la media nacional para el sector. La sensibilidad del CASMSC para miembro superior estuvo en el rango de un 80% a 94,57% y para columna cervical y lumbar fue de 36,4% y 43,4%, respectivamente. Para la región dorsal fue casi del doble de las otras dos regiones (85,7%). El CASMSC es recomendable en su apartado para miembro superior dado a su alto nivel de sensibilidad.

Responsabilidade social das organizações e satisfação no trabalho: estudo num call center

A presente dissertação tem como objectivo estudar a percepção dos colaboradores a respeito da Responsabilidade Social da Organização exercida pela organização onde trabalham e a relação desta com a Satisfação no Trabalho. Cento e sete colaboradores de um call center responderam a um questionário que incluía as escalas de Percepção de Responsabilidade Social, Satisfação no Trabalho e a escala de Call Center construída para este estudo. As hipóteses são, duas, verificar se quando maior a percepção de práticas socialmente responsáveis nas diferentes dimensões (colaboradores, ambiente e comunidade e económica) maior a satisfação com o trabalho e se as condições de trabalho na organização apresentarem níveis elevados, maior a Satisfação no Trabalho. Dos resultados obtidos, concluiu-se uma associação positiva entre as três dimensões da Responsabilidade Social com a Satisfação no Trabalho, em particular uma associação mais elevada com a dimensão Percepção da Responsabilidade Social - Ambiente e Comunidade. Destaca-se também que a Satisfação no Trabalho está mais associada com a percepção do reconhecimento profissional do que com as condições de trabalho no call center.

Determining appropriate measurement methods for etiological research of computing-related musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders

Two studies among college students were conducted to evaluate appropriate measurement methods for etiological research on computing-related upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders (UEMSDs). ^ A cross-sectional study among 100 graduate students evaluated the utility of symptoms surveys (a VAS scale and 5-point Likert scale) compared with two UEMSD clinical classification systems (Gerr and Moore protocols). The two symptom measures were highly concordant (Lin's rho = 0.54; Spearman's r = 0.72); the two clinical protocols were moderately concordant (Cohen's kappa = 0.50). Sensitivity and specificity, endorsed by Youden's J statistic, did not reveal much agreement between the symptoms surveys and clinical examinations. It cannot be concluded self-report symptoms surveys can be used as surrogate for clinical examinations. ^ A pilot repeated measures study conducted among 30 undergraduate students evaluated computing exposure measurement methods. Key findings are: temporal variations in symptoms, the odds of experiencing symptoms increased with every hour of computer use (adjOR = 1.1, p < .10) and every stretch break taken (adjOR = 1.3, p < .10). When measuring posture using the Computer Use Checklist, a positive association with symptoms was observed (adjOR = 1.3, p < 0.10), while measuring posture using a modified Rapid Upper Limb Assessment produced unexpected and inconsistent associations. The findings were inconclusive in identifying an appropriate posture assessment or superior conceptualization of computer use exposure. ^ A cross-sectional study of 166 graduate students evaluated the comparability of graduate students to College Computing & Health surveys administered to undergraduate students. Fifty-five percent reported computing-related pain and functional limitations. Years of computer use in graduate school and number of years in school where weekly computer use was ≥ 10 hours were associated with pain within an hour of computing in logistic regression analyses. The findings are consistent with current literature on both undergraduate and graduate students. ^

Psychosocial factors and musculoskeletal symptoms in a vulnerable working population in Nicaragua

This research is a secondary data analysis of the CUPID-INCA Nicaragua study, a cross-sectional study comparing psychosocial and physical factors on musculoskeletal symptoms among nurses, office workers and maquiladoras in Nicaragua. There were three objectives for this thesis. (1) To describe the study population according to their socio-demographic, psychosocial (i.e. work organization and health beliefs) and physical factors. (2) To estimate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in the study population (nurses, office workers and maquilas). (3) To analyze and compare the trends of association between psychosocial factors and MSDs to that of physical factors and MSDs in the study population. Trends of association between MSDs and psychosocial factors were also compared between nurses, office workers and maquilas. ^ Majority of the total study population were females, middle aged, non smokers and had been on the job for more than five years. Prevalence rates of low back pain and upper extremity pain were 28% and 37% respectively in nurses, 17% and 34% in office workers and 18% and 31% in maquilas. Workers' health belief was significantly associated with MSDs in all three occupational groups. Psychosocial factors were not consistently associated more with MSDs than physical factors. Maquilas had more psychosocial factors statistically significantly associated with musculoskeletal symptoms than nurses and office workers. ^ The findings of this research suggest that both psychosocial and physical risk factors play a role on the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in the three working populations in Nicaragua. Future research in this area should explore further, the risk of developing MSDs from workers' exposure to psychosocial factors as well as physical factors.^

Musculoskeletal symptoms among female garment factory workers in Sri Lanka.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms and their association with sociodemographic risk factors among female garment factory workers in Sri Lanka. METHODS: 1058 randomly selected female garment factory workers employed in the free trade zone of Kogalla, Sri Lanka were recruited to complete two interviewer-administered questionnaires assessing musculoskeletal symptoms and health behaviors. DISCUSSION: Musculoskeletal complaints among female garment workers in the FTZ of Kogalla are less common than expected. Sociocultural factors may have resulted in underreporting and similarly contribute to the low rates of healthcare utilization by these women. RESULTS: 164 (15.5%) of workers reported musculoskeletal symptoms occurring more than 3 times or lasting a week or more during the previous 12-month period. Back (57.3%) and knee (31.7%) were the most common sites of pain. Although most symptomatic women reported that their problems interfered with work and leisure activities, very few missed work as a result of their pain. Prevalence correlated positively with increased age and industry tenure of less than 12 months. Job type, body mass index, and education were not significant predictors of musculoskeletal symptoms.

Musculoskeletal (MSK) and Sport and Exercise Medicine (SEM) in General Practice (GP): A Novel GP-based MSK and SEM Clinic for Managing Musculoskeletal symptoms in a GP

Musculoskeletal (MSK) complaints are common within primary care (1) (2) (3) but some General Practitioners (GPs)/family physicians do not feel comfortable managing these symptoms (3), preferring to refer onto hospital specialists or Integrated Clinical Assessment and Treatment Services (ICATs). Long waiting times for hospital outpatient reviews are a major cause of patient inconvenience and complaints (4). We therefore aimed to establish a GP-ran MSK and sport and exercise medicine (SEM) clinic based within a Belfast GP surgery that would contribute to a sustainable improvement in managing these common conditions within primary care as well as reducing waiting times for patients with these conditions to see a specialist. This shift from hospital-based to community-based management is in-keeping with recent policy changes within the UK health-system, including Transforming Your Care within Northern Ireland (NI) (5). The GP-ran MSK and SEM clinic was held monthly within a Belfast GP practice, staffed by one GP with a specialist interest in MSK and SEM conditions and its performance was reviewed over a three month period. Parameters audited included cases seen, orthopaedic and x-ray referral rates and secondary care referrals comparing the GP practice’s performance to the same time period in the previous year as well as patient satisfaction questionnaires.

Prevalencia de los síntomas osteomusculares y los factores de riesgo asociados, en trabajadores de una empresa de geomática, Colombia 2014

Objetivo Identificar la prevalencia de síntomas osteomusculares, por segmentos y los factores de riesgo asociados, en los trabajadores de una empresa de Geomática, en Colombia en el año 2014. Metodología Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con una población de 169 trabajadores, distribuidos en 2 grupos, el grupo de campo que desarrolla actividades de topografía y el grupo de oficina donde se realizan procesamiento de datos en Geomática y actividades administrativas. A cada trabajador se le aplicó el cuestionario ERGOPAR que interroga la exposición o factores de riesgo y la presencia de síntomas osteomusculares. Resultados: El personal de oficina presenta mayor frecuencia de síntomas osteomusculares en el cuello 72%, la región lumbar 55%, los codos 17,7%, las manos y muñecas 57.3%. Presentándose con mayor frecuencia en las mujeres los síntomas en cuello 80% y manos 64%, mientras que los mayores porcentajes en personal de campo se presentan en las piernas 21%, las rodillas 26% y pies 11,5%. Se encontró asociación significativa entre la sedestación durante más de cuatro horas, con dolor en cuello (p=0.02) y dolor en región lumbar (p=0.03); inclinar el cuello hacia delante durante más de cuatro horas, con dolor en el cuello (p=0.006); repetir cada pocos segundos la flexión de muñecas (p=001) y utilizar los dedos de manera intensiva por más de 4 horas (p=0.01) con dolor en manos y las variables jornada laboral y puesto de trabajo con dolor en pies. Conclusiones La prevalencia de síntomas osteomusculares en los trabajadores de la empresa estudiada es alta. Dado que se encontró asociación significativa con las variables sociodemográficas y laborales. La alta prevalencia de sintomatología puede ser explicada por la exposición a carga física laboral, por posturas de trabajo, por movimientos repetitivos y características propias de género.

Correlación de las condiciones de iluminación, ángulo visual, agudeza visual y contraste con y síntomas visuales en trabajadores de un call center en Bogotá, Colombia

Objetivo: Establecer la correlación entre condiciones de iluminación, ángulo visual, discriminación de contrastes y agudeza visual en la aparición de síntomas visuales en operarios de computador. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de corte transversal y correlación en muestra de 136 trabajadores administrativos de un “call center” perteneciente a una entidad de salud en la ciudad de Bogotá, utilizando un cuestionario con el que se evaluaron las variables sociodemográficas y ocupacionales; aplicando la escala de síntomas visión – computador (CVSS17), realizando evaluación médica y midiendo iluminación y distancia operario pantalla de computador y con los datos recolectados se realizó un análisis estadístico bivariado y se estableció la correlación entre las condiciones de iluminación, ángulo visual, discriminación de contrataste y agudeza visual; frente a la aparición de síntomas visuales asociados con el uso del computador. El análisis se llevó a cabo con medidas de tendencia central y dispersión y con el coeficiente de correlación paramétrico de Pearson o no-paramétrico de Spearman, previamente se evaluó la normalidad con la prueba de Shapiro-Wilk. Las pruebas estadísticas se evaluarán a un nivel de significancia del 5% (p<0.05). Resultados: El promedio de edad de los participantes en el estudio fue de 36,3 años con un rango entre los 22 y 57 años y en donde el género predominante fue el femenino con el 79,4%. Se encontraron síntomas visuales asociados al uso de pantalla de computador del 59,6%, siendo los más frecuentes la epifora (70,6%), fotofobia (67,6%) y ardor ocular (54,4%). Se reportó una correlación inversa significativa entre niveles de iluminación y manifestación de fotofobia (p=0.02; r= 0,262). Por otra parte no se encontró correlación significativa entre los síntomas referidos con ángulo de visión y agudeza visual y discriminación de contrastes. Conclusión: Las condiciones laborales de iluminación del grupo de estudio están relacionadas con la manifestación de fotofobia, Se encontró asociación entre síntomas visuales y variables sociodemográficas, específicamente con el género, fotofobia a pantalla, fatiga visual y fotofobia

Risco de desordens músculo-esqueléticas nos membros superiores de graduandos de Odontologia

Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o risco de desenvolvimento de desordens músculo-esqueléticas nos membros superiores de graduandos de Odontologia considerando as variáveis sexo, tipo de procedimento clínico executado, região da boca tratada e prática do trabalho a quatro mãos. Foram avaliados alunos, de ambos os sexos, matriculados no oitavo semestre do curso de graduação da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara - UNESP. Foram efetuadas tomadas fotográficas durante a realização de 283 procedimentos clínicos, utilizando-se máquina fotogrática digital. Para análise das fotografias, utilizou-se o programa Image Tool. As posturas de trabalho adotadas por cada estudante na sua atuação como “operador” foram observadas pelo método RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment), o qual inclui o uso de um diagrama de análise de postura do indivíduo e três tabelas de escores que permitem a avaliação da exposição aos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de desordens músculo-esqueléticas. As fotografias foram analisadas por um professor da área de ergonomia calibrado (_=0,91). Para cada procedimento foi atribuído um escore de risco final. Os procedimentos executados foram classificados em duas grandes categorias: procedimentos preparatórios e procedimentos restauradores/reabilitadores. Os dados de risco de desordens músculoesqueléticas nos membros superiores foram apurados, e sua prevalência foi estimada por ponto e por intervalo de confiança de 95%. O estudo da associação do risco de desordens músculo-esqueléticas às variáveis de interesse foi realizado por meio do Teste de Qui-quadrado (_ 2). O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Observou-se que na maioria dos procedimentos executados o risco de desordens músculo-esqueléticas segundo a classificação... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)